Plantar warts (same as Palmar-plantar) are usually localized on the cushion of the foot, the heels on his fingertips.
The share of this type of warts accounts for 30 % of cases. Occur at any age. The distinguishing feature is tenderness at palpation and mechanical pressure.
Causes of plantar warts
Warts appear when infected by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). About 38 – 42 % of people are native speakers on apparently healthy skin.
The human papillomavirus has different sources from a few dozen to two hundred species. Depending on what type of HPV you were infected person, he may appear various types of skin lesions:
- plantar warts,
- papilloma,
- common warts
- flat
- anogenital genital warts.
The appearance of plantar warts is preceded by HPV 1, 2, 4 type. Transmission occurs by contact-household. In the cells of the basal layer of the skin the virus may be a long time dormant. As soon as there are favorable factors, the process of propagation of the virus in the epithelium. This leads to the formation of morphologically changed tissues of the skin.
Infection of plantar warts is associated with walking barefoot, swimming in the pool, use of the shared bathroom. Infection is facilitated by the presence of microtrauma in the feet, inflammation in the skin, excessive sweating of the feet.
Distinctive features of plantar warts
Appearance plantar warts resemble calluses.
First, on the foot there is a small relatively dense knot, which then expands, but is on the same level with healthy skin. The tumor thickens, becomes yellowish, acquires a granular surface, is covered with a thick stratum corneum.
Sometimes the plantar wart has the appearance of divots on the bottom where there are dense bundles of filiform papillae, and the edges look like the cushion of the Horny layers.
This kind of warts is pain. A sharp pain occurs when walking barefoot, when stepping the affected area on a small solid object, with the location in the places pressure in the heel area, forefoot pads. This makes it difficult to walk.
When you remove the stratum corneum in the Central part of the plantar warts are visible threadlike, soft papillae. This is the capillaries, which formed clots. And lung damage, they begin to bleed.
For plantar warts are characterized by the appearance on the reference areas of the foot that absorb most of the pressure. Most often they are rare. But sometimes form of merger in the form of a plaque with a mosaic pattern. On the feet often occur in deep cracks.
How to get rid of plantar warts
Specific antiviral drugs and vaccines that destroy HPV do not yet exist. To completely remove the virus from the organism is impossible. There are many methods for wart removal, but none of them is totally effective. Relapses are possible after any of them.
High risk of the recurrence of the growths noted:
- in the treatment of common neoplasms – an area of more than 2 cm2;
- with plantar warts, as they are more deeply penetrate into the dermis.
The basic principle of treatment is aimed at destruction (destruction) by one method or another lesions papillomas arising at the place of introduction of the virus. In the treatment of warts is used:
- the chemical methods of destruction;
- surgical diathermy;
- cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen;
- laser therapy (carbon dioxide laser) is used after failure of other methods.
To decide how to conduct the removal, the doctor needs: some therapies may cause more harm than themselves warts. For example, deep destruction of plantar warts (primarily laser and electrosurgical) can cause the formation of scars on the foot. And it is constantly exposed to stress when walking.
Before treating a wart on the sole cauterizing and destroying the means necessary to carry out the preparatory procedure, softening the surface of the build-up and promotes the penetration of drugs. It is necessary to hold the foot in a soap soda solution of water and an application of salicylic acid. After softening the Horny excess weight (surface layer) must be removed and only then apply the treatment solution.
To reduce the pressure and pain when walking during treatment, the foot in the area of the wart with adhesive tape you can attach rubber ring.
Treatment options warts by chemical destruction
Removal plantar warts apply concentrated solutions of acids, alkalis, salts:
- hydrogen peroxide;
- drugs based on salicylic and lactic acids;
- acetic and nitric acid;
- 50% solution of trichloroacetic acid;
- the juice of thuja, celandine.
Salicylic acid has a pronounced therapeutic effect against lesions of papillomas, Its use is associated with keratolytic principle of impact defect: softening, dissolution and rejection of the Horny layer of the epidermis.
Salicylic acid is part of many remedies for the treatment of warts. Its concentration may be from 10 to 60 %.
The effectiveness of the treatment of single plantar warts salicylic acid after three months of treatment is 84 %, with mosaic – 45 % of cases.
The therapeutic action of concentrated trichloroacetic acid associated with chemical destruction of the tissues. The effect of degradation is achieved at the moment when the wart and the surrounding tissue is white.
The efficiency of destruction of the plantar warts is checked in the following way: a growth squeeze from two sides. If one feels pain, so it is still not destroyed, if there is no pain, then deletion is successful.
The drugs having such action are used with caution under medical supervision. The most active of them are dispensed only to health workers.
Removal of foci of papillomas in the beauty salons used drugs, including lytta. This is the poison of non-protein nature.
In the body of the insect contains up to 5 % of the substance. It is better known as an aphrodisiac – causes sexual arousal. But the poison also has skin-apostema action. When hit on the skin it quickly penetrates deeply inside suppresses the work of the epidermal cells. They die, forming a bubble. Therefore, in practice, the solution of the substance is used to ablate and removal of skin defects.
In the treatment of plantar warts disappear in 80% of cases.
The advantage of the most cauterizing remedies for plantar warts is relatively painless when applied to the skin. But their use has side effects, need to be treated for a long time.
For the treatment of plantar warts also apply other drugs that cause necrosis and destroying abnormal formation of the foot.
These drugs make the tumor 1 every 7 – 14 days.
To get rid of plantar warts drug can be at home. The surface of the hearth is pre-degreased with alcohol. Treatment is carried out until, until the tumor acquires a uniform yellow color.
On the place of wart forms a scab. A few days should be full of rejection. If that happens, it is necessary to conduct repeated treatment with the drug. For the treatment of plantar warts requires 3 – 4 session.
At home remove warts cautery medications should be careful not to damage the surrounding healthy tissue. To avoid complications, it is recommended to carry out the procedure, consult your doctor.
Biopuncture
If recurrent warts is biopuncture. Directly before treatment, preparing a solution of bleomycin and applied on the foot to the lesion. Then the wart is pierced with the injection needle until the bleeding and administered the drug. The procedure is repeated several times until complete saturation of the tumor with a solution.
After treatment, the surface of the foot is covered with plastic wrap and tie with bandage for 24 to 48 hours. Within two days the wart dies, a few days out.
Accurate data about the effectiveness, side effects and contraindications of this treatment the plantar warts is not.
Physical methods of treatment. Surgical diathermy
Surgical diathermy – method of removing, in which the burning of abnormal tissue under the influence of an alternating electric current of high frequency. Plantar wart is removed layer by layer electrode which is in contact with the surface of the wart. When multiple items deletion is carried out in stages.
Plantar wart removal by diathermocoagulation is a painful procedure, and is performed under local anesthesia. After treatment applied dry bandage.
Depending on the depth of the defect, the wound will heal 4 to 6 weeks. Spot removal, the scar is formed.
Physical methods of treatment. Cryosurgery
Cryotherapy is a method of skin exposure to low-temperature agents. The destruction of tumors occurs due to the formation inside the cells and vessels of ice crystals. Under the influence of low temperatures stops the flow of blood in the vessels and a defect is destroyed. But it retained the structural basis of the collagen fibers and the ability of nerve fibers to recover. This ensures proper wound healing after cryotherapy.
To treat the plantar warts effectively by the method of sparing cryoablation when handling liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen is applied to the lesions with a cotton swab on the type of hard cryomassage for 20 to 30 per session. Repeat the procedure is carried out in 2 – 4 days.
If there is excessive thickening of the stratum corneum before each treatment for 12 – 24 h for the hearth, applied a band-aid "Sliped". Immediately prior to cryotherapy make soap-soda foot bath.
Surgical excision of warts
Surgical treatment of plantar warts is not carried out, as this method is traumatic, and it does not prevent recurrence. After surgical excision there is a high risk of formation of rough scars.
In extremely rare cases, if you suspect that a wart acquires the properties of a malignant tumor, it must be cut out. Excised skin tag widely, capturing the surrounding tissue. So the operation is often accompanied by heavy bleeding.
To avoid the appearance of scars on the foot, plantar warts are removed with a curette. This medical instrument used in surgery for the removal (scraping) of pathological soft tissues from the bones. At the base of the wart is injected with anesthetic. This facilitates the separation of the warts from the lower layers of the skin. The doctor removes the diseased skin scrape movements.
After completion of the treatments of removing the item remains tidy round a bleeding wound. Cauterize to stop the bleeding and destroy remaining elements of the warts. Tissue removed is sent for histological examination.
Complete tissue healing occurs in 2 – 3 weeks.
Treatment of plantar warts folk ways
Alkaline baths. Sodium bicarbonate 500 g poured in a thin linen bag. The pouch hung on the water faucet, then open the hot water tap. The jet must pass through the pouch and dissolve the soda. Then add to the bath with cold water and bring the water temperature to 36 – 38° C. Alkaline baths lasting 10 – 15 minutes every day or every other day. The course of treatment – 10 – 12 baths.
Hot baths. To take bath for the feet at a water temperature of 45 °C or with the addition of oxidative peat (50 ml / 10 l of water) for 20 to 30 minutes two to three times a week. To achieve the effect, you must perform 20 of these procedures and more.
If the warts are not treated, the following scenarios:
- they can suddenly disappear by themselves;
- the rash will remain unchanged;
- happens progression of the growth of skin tumors.
If recurrent warts treatment should combine the removal of the growths with the stimulation of antiviral immunity. When human papilloma virus is used interferons. You can lubricate the defect for 2 – 4 weeks or more antiviral ointments.